For what purpose is a water main typically chlorinated before usage?

Chlorination of a water main is primarily implemented to ensure microbial safety. This process involves adding chlorine to the water to disinfect it, killing harmful microorganisms that could pose health risks to consumers. As drinking water is vital to public health, maintaining microbial safety is crucial in the delivery of clean and safe water for consumption.

The chlorination process targets bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens that may exist in the water supply, ensuring that the water remains free from contamination as it travels through the distribution system. While there may be considerations regarding taste and removal of impurities, these are secondary benefits and not the primary reason for chlorination. Additionally, chlorination does not color the water; the goal is to maintain clarity and safety for end users.