What are the two main types of water treatment plants?

The correct choice identifies the two primary types of water treatment plants: surface water treatment plants and groundwater treatment plants.

Surface water treatment plants are designed to process water sourced from rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. They focus on removing contaminants and impurities that may be present due to environmental exposure and human activities. The treatment processes often include coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection.

Groundwater treatment plants, on the other hand, treat water that comes from underground aquifers. This water may require different treatment techniques depending on its initial quality and the specific contaminants it may contain, such as minerals or pathogens. The processes in these plants can include aeration, filtration, and disinfection as well.

Choosing the correct answer acknowledges the difference in source and treatment methods for these two fundamental categories of water treatment, which are critical for ensuring safe drinking water and protecting public health.