What is the main purpose of chlorination in the water treatment process?

The primary purpose of chlorination in the water treatment process is to kill pathogenic microorganisms in the water. Chlorine is a powerful disinfectant that effectively targets bacteria, viruses, and other harmful microorganisms that can pose serious health risks to the public. This disinfection process is critical in ensuring that the water supply is safe for consumption and meets health regulations.

While other options touch on aspects related to water quality, they do not capture the core objective of chlorination. Enhancing taste, removing sediments, and stabilizing pH levels are important considerations in water treatment, but these processes are typically addressed through different methods or treatments, such as filtration or the addition of pH adjustment chemicals. Chlorination stands out as a fundamental step specifically aimed at protecting public health by ensuring that the water is free from pathogens.