What is the purpose of a sedimentation basin?

The purpose of a sedimentation basin is to allow heavier particles to settle out of the water. As water flows into the basin, its velocity decreases, giving suspended solids, such as sand, silt, and other particulates, the opportunity to settle to the bottom due to gravity. This process is essential in water treatment, as it helps in reducing the turbidity of the water by separating these heavier particles from the clearer water above. Sedimentation is typically one of the first steps in the water treatment process, preparing the water for subsequent treatment stages.

The other choices represent different processes in water treatment but do not align with the specific function of a sedimentation basin. For example, filtering out chemical contaminants or adding chemicals pertains to different treatment methodologies, while aeration primarily focuses on increasing dissolved oxygen levels, which is not the primary goal of sedimentation. By understanding the role of sedimentation basins, one can better appreciate their significance in achieving clean and safe water through effective treatment processes.